Source: http://news.feedzilla.com/en_us/stories/politics/top-stories/306463893?client_source=feed&format=rss
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Saturday, May 18, 2013
Friday, May 17, 2013
PFT: Sanchez says nothing changed post-Garrard
Though the NFL has not seen a player die from on-field injuries in decades (Korey Stringer died in 2001 from heat exhaustion), tragedy often strikes at the lower levels of this sport.
It happened recently in Farmerville, Louisiana, to 17-year-old Jaleel Gipson (pictured).? A fullback, Gipson died after fracturing a vertebrate during ?Oklahoma drills? at Farmerville High School?s spring practices.? He was on life support for several days.
According to KNOE-TV, Bengals offensive tackle Andrew Whitworth has donated to the family the cost of Gipson?s funeral.? It?s a great gesture, and news of Whitworth?s generosity brought the story to our attention.
Now that we?re here, and speaking primarily as the father of a soon-to-be-17-year-old football player, why in the hell are high school kids doing Oklahoma drills in May, or ever?
The NFL stubbornly believes its rules will trickle down to the lower levels of the sport.? If so, the removal of contact from offseason workouts is trickling from Park Avenue to the Bayou at the rate of partially-frozen molasses.
Jaleel?s coach calls the incident an ?unlucky event,? which Jaleel?s family surely? would consider to be the biggest understatement of human history.? The health of our children shouldn?t be left to chance, not when the risk is avoidable.? While we realize that many frustrated, over-the-hill athletes regard high-school sports as having the same significance as the pro game, youth sports are played with children, not adults.
While the excessive zeal of some can undermine the good intentions of the many, it seems like every community has more than a few coaches whose obsession with winning clouds their judgment.? Or, in many cases, supplants it.
Try to remember that your players are our children.? They?re not your tickets to the glory days that have long since passed you by.? They?re our children.
Jaleel Gipson should be alive, and now his family has to deal for the rest of their lives with the fact that he isn?t.? While it?s very good and kind that Andrew Whitworth will pay for Jaleel?s funeral, this situation needs to spark a broader discussion in every school district about putting the same limits on offseason practices that the NFL has instituted.
That won?t bring Jaleel back, but it could protect other kids from suffering a similar fate.
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Thursday, May 16, 2013
Nasa's Kepler telescope breaks down
15 May 2013
Last updated at 22:29 ET
The planet-hunting space telescope Kepler has been hobbled by a broken wheel, say scientists at Nasa.
Two of four reaction wheels are now faulty. At least three are needed to orient the telescope correctly.
"I wouldn't call Kepler down and out just yet," said Nasa administrator John Grunsfeld, saying scientists were working on the problem.
Kepler was launched in 2009 and last month identified two distant planets that Nasa said could be habitable.
So far, the $600m (?395m) mission has identified 132 "exoplanets" outside our solar system, and another 2,700 possible candidates.
Continue reading the main storyKepler Mission
- Launched in 2009, the Kepler space telescope is on a mission to find Earth-like worlds orbiting distant stars
- It works by detecting periodic variations in the brightness of stars caused by orbiting exoplanets passing in front of them
- In January 2013, astronomers used Kepler's data to estimate that there are at least 17 billion Earth-sized exoplanets in the Milky Way Galaxy
But last July one of the spacecraft's four reaction wheels broke down, leaving scientists aware that a further failure was likely and would prevent the telescope operating as it should.
In a statement, Nasa said the problem had been detected on Tuesday, when the telescope went into a pre-programmed "safe mode" which kicks in "if the observatory has trouble knowing where it should point", Mr Grunsfeld told AFP news agency.
The team's priority now is to put the craft into "Point Rest State" - reducing fuel consumption so the craft has enough left to last months or years, giving scientists the time to decide how to proceed.
Kepler completed its primary three-and-a-half year mission last November, Nasa says, and is now in an extended mission phase.
The US space agency says the telescope has generated a wealth of data which could generate new discoveries for years to come.
Last month, scientists announced that Kepler had discovered two of the most intriguing candidates yet in the search for Earth-like exoplanets.
They orbit the Kepler-62 star in the Constellation Lyra - 1,200 light-years from Earth.
Source: http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-22548886#sa-ns_mchannel=rss&ns_source=PublicRSS20-sa
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Neutrinos spark 'new astronomy era'
15 May 2013
Last updated at 13:10 ET
An experiment buried beneath the ice of the South Pole has for the first time seen the particles called neutrinos originating outside our Solar System.
They are produced in our atmosphere and in the Universe's most violent processes, but the IceCube experiment has seen the first "cosmic neutrinos".
It detected 28 of the exceptionally fast-moving neutrinos - but it remains unclear exactly where they came from.
The pioneering finds could herald an entirely new branch of astronomy.
The results were presented on Wednesday at the IceCube Particle Astrophysics Symposium in Wisconsin, US.
Researchers have gathered there to discuss the findings of the world's largest neutrino detector, occupying a cubic kilometre. It is made up of 86 strings sunk into the Antarctic ice, each with 60 sensitive light detectors strung along it like "fairy lights".
As neutrinos pass, they very rarely bump into the nuclei of atoms in the ice, producing a brief flash that the detectors can catch. With more than 5,000 detectors catching flashes at different times, the direction of the neutrinos' arrival can be determined.
Neutrinos can be produced in our own atmosphere here on Earth - IceCube picks up about 100,000 of them a year - but previous attempts to associate them with more far-flung cosmic processes, such as those described in April 2012, have turned up nothing.
However, in April this year, the IceCube collaboration reported seeing two neutrinos - nicknamed Bert and Ernie - of energies greater than a "petaelectronvolt".
That is 150 times higher than the energy to which particles within the Large Hadron Collider can currently be accelerated.
Now the team reports 26 more events, each higher than 50 teraelectronvolts (a twentieth of a petaelectronvolt), which they expect will also be of cosmic origin.
But Francis Halzen, principal investigator on the IceCube experiment, said that "of course, there's much more to do".
"It's after you find them that the work starts; these events are very difficult to analyse," Prof Halzen told BBC News.
Particle picturesFor centuries, stargazers have relied only on light of a wide range of wavelengths - many far beyond those we can see - to get pictures of the cosmos.
But these first cosmic neutrino detections open the possibility for doing astronomy instead using particles - developing pictures of the Universe's most active corners by analysing the directions and energies of the neutrinos they produce.
Prof Halzen recalled discussions with Frederick Reines, who shared the 1995 Nobel Prize in physics for discovering the neutrino in the mid-1950s.
"He would tell me that as soon as he discovered that the neutrino was real, everybody had the idea that you had a particle that you could do astronomy with. In 1960, several people wrote rather detailed papers on how to do it."
Only later did it become clear that a detector as monumentally large as IceCube would be required to launch such a new era in astronomy - an era that for the first time seems to be taking shape.
"It is incredibly exciting to work with the final IceCube configuration," Prof Halzen said.
"It not only shows that we built the right detector, it promptly delivered results. What it means for astronomy is in our future, hopefully our very near future. The tools are in place and the first harvest of events is in."
Source: http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-22540352#sa-ns_mchannel=rss&ns_source=PublicRSS20-sa
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Arizona jury to weigh death penalty in Jodi Arias murder case
By Tim Gaynor
PHOENIX (Reuters) - Jodi Arias, the California woman convicted in a sensational trial of brutally murdering her ex-boyfriend, will face an Arizona jury on Wednesday charged with deciding if she deserves the death penalty for her crime.
Arias was found guilty a week ago of murdering 30-year-old Travis Alexander, whose body was found slumped in the shower of his Phoenix area home five years ago. She had stabbed him 27 times, slashed his throat and shot him in the face.
Arias, a petite 32-year-old former waitress, had tried unsuccessfully to convince the jury during the four-month trial that she had acted in self-defense after Alexander attacked her because she dropped his camera while taking photographs of him in the shower.
The trial, which aired evidence including a sex tape and photographs of the blood-sprayed crime scene, became a sensation on cable television news with its lurid tale of a bright, soft-spoken young woman charged with an unthinkable crime.
Jurors could have convicted Arias of a lesser crime - such as second-degree murder or manslaughter - in the killing of Alexander, an ex-boyfriend with whom she had an on-again, off-again affair, but instead found her guilty of the most serious charge possible.
Following her conviction, Arias was placed suicide watch in a psychiatric ward after she indicated in a television interview that she would prefer a death sentence to life in prison. The watch was lifted on Monday and she was returned to jail.
At the sentencing trial, the prosecution will present evidence trying to prove beyond a reasonable doubt that aggravating factors exist which merit the death penalty. The defense can also present rebuttal evidence and the decision will then be up to the jury.
In a statement last week, Maricopa County Attorney Bill Montgomery said the state planned to present "evidence to prove the murder was committed in an especially heinous, cruel or depraved manner."
Calls to defense attorney Kirk Nurmi seeking comment were not returned.
During the trial, prosecutor Juan Martinez painted a picture of Arias as manipulative and prone to jealousy in previous relationships. He said she had meticulously planned to kill Alexander, a businessman and motivational speaker.
In making his case for premeditated murder, Martinez had accused Arias of bringing the pistol used in the killing, which has not been recovered, with her from California to the scene of the crime. He said she also rented a car, removed its license plate and bought gasoline cans and fuel to conceal her journey to the Phoenix suburbs to kill Alexander.
Martinez said Arias lied after the killing to deflect any suspicion that she had been involved in his death, leaving a voicemail on Alexander's cellphone, sending flowers to his grandmother and telling detectives she was not at the crime scene before changing her story.
Nurmi, meanwhile, argued that Arias had snapped in the "sudden heat of passion" in the moments between a photograph she took showing Alexander alive and taking a shower, and a subsequent picture of his apparently dead body covered in blood.
The sentencing trial is set to begin at 10 a.m. local time (1700 GMT)
(Editing by Cynthia Johnston, G Crosse)
Source: http://news.yahoo.com/arizona-jury-weigh-death-penalty-jodi-arias-murder-110150401.html
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Flu in pregnancy may quadruple child's risk for bipolar disorder
May 14, 2013 ? Pregnant mothers' exposure to the flu was associated with a nearly fourfold increased risk that their child would develop bipolar disorder in adulthood, in a study funded by the National Institutes of Health. The findings add to mounting evidence of possible shared underlying causes and illness processes with schizophrenia, which some studies have also linked to prenatal exposure to influenza.
"Prospective mothers should take common sense preventive measures, such as getting flu shots prior to and in the early stages of pregnancy and avoiding contact with people who are symptomatic," said Alan Brown, M.D., M.P.H, of Columbia University and New York State Psychiatric Institute, a grantee of the NIH's National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH). "In spite of public health recommendations, only a relatively small fraction of such women get immunized. The weight of evidence now suggests that benefits of the vaccine likely outweigh any possible risk to the mother or newborn."
Brown and colleagues reported their findings online May 8, 2013 in JAMA Psychiatry.
Although there have been hints of a maternal influenza/bipolar disorder connection, the new study is the first to prospectively follow families in the same HMO, using physician-based diagnoses and structured standardized psychiatric measures. Access to unique Kaiser-Permanente, county and Child Health and Development Study databases made it possible to include more cases with detailed maternal flu exposure information than in previous studies.
Among nearly a third of all children born in a northern California county during 1959-1966, researchers followed, 92 who developed bipolar disorder, comparing rates of maternal flu diagnoses during pregnancy with 722 matched controls.
The nearly fourfold increased risk implicated influenza infection at any time during pregnancy, but there was evidence suggesting slightly higher risk if the flu occurred during the second or third trimesters. Moreover, the researchers linked flu exposure to a nearly sixfold increase in a subtype of bipolar disorder with psychotic features.
A previous study, by Brown and colleagues, in a related northern California sample, found a threefold increased risk for schizophrenia associated with maternal influenza during the first half of pregnancy. Autism has similarly been linked to first trimester maternal viral infections and to possibly related increases in inflammatory molecules.
"Future research might investigate whether this same environmental risk factor might give rise to different disorders, depending on how the timing of the prenatal insult affects the developing fetal brain," suggested Brown.
Bipolar disorder shares with schizophrenia a number of other suspected causes and illness features, the researchers note. For example, both share onset of symptoms in early adulthood, susceptibility genes, run in the same families, affect nearly one percent of the population, show psychotic behaviors and respond to antipsychotic medications.
Increasing evidence of such overlap between traditional diagnostic categories has led to the NIMH Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) project, which is laying the foundation for a new mental disorders classification system based on brain circuits and dimensional mechanisms that cut across traditional diagnostic categories.
The research was also funded by NIH's Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD).
Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/top_news/top_health/~3/wzF6oVA2TXo/130514101459.htm
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The fight over what grief means
By Vera H-C Chan
Controversy over the boundaries of griefHow much is too much grief? And how long do you wait before you decide?
Among all the changes in the fifth version of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), the most controversial may have been removing the so-called "bereavement exclusion." The proposal galvanized what the New York Times dubbed a "bitter skirmish" over what depression means, inspired petitions, and roused a former DSM-IV task force chair to call its removal a "dreadful mistake that flies in the face of clinical common sense."
Acrimony aside, most in the debate agree that you can't put a clock on sorrow. There's little argument that grief and major depression are two different things, and that grief lessens its intensity over time while major depression is a recurring disorder.
Where people diverge reflects more fundamental worries: Does psychology pathologize grief? Can our fears about death itself turn a blind eye to mental illness? One side worries about an overdiagnosed culture, where prescription meds trump the body's own healing processes. The other laments the stigma that accompanies mental illness diagnoses. And underlying these wars is the fear that drugmakers are waiting in the wings to capitalize on opportunities ? well-intentioned or otherwise ? to numb our pains.
What is the bereavement exclusion
To put it in the most simplistic terms, the bereavement exclusion is a diagnostic hands-off period of a sort: Doctors should take into account if a patient recently experienced the loss of a loved one before considering a diagnosis of depression.
In the 1970s, Paula J. Clayton studied bereaved widows and widowers. In some cases, she compared their mourning with patients hospitalized with depression. The bereavement symptoms overlapped with symptoms of depression?insomnia, sadness, loss of interest in normal activities, trouble concentrating. She also found distinctive differences between bereaved mourners and hospitalized depressives, such as suicidal ideation and a sense of worthlessness. Clayton, on the DSM-III task force, recommended that patients going through ordinary grief be excluded from a diagnosis of depression.
Over the years, that hands-off period has been whittled down from one year to two weeks. Sid Zisook, professor of psychiatry at the University of California at San Diego and a member of the American Psychological Association panel that decided against the bereavement exclusion, has long argued that it didn't make sense to exclude mourners from diagnoses, especially when studies show that grief from other kinds of traumatic events is similar to mourning.
"If you're going through a divorce, if you happen to be in the marathon two days ago and almost got your legs blown off, if you lose your job?any of those situations are every bit as likely to lead to depressive symptoms," Zisook tells Yahoo! News. "Research data suggests that bereavement shouldn't be singled out."
His panel instead put forth their reasoning in a fact sheet for major depression disorder (MDD): "By advising clinicians not to diagnose depression in recently bereaved individuals, the DSM-IV bereavement exclusion suggested that grief somehow protected someone from major depression."
One of the studies Zisook cites was conducted by Jerome Wakefield, a New York University professor of psychiatry and author of "Loss of Sadness." Same study, opposing conclusion: For one thing, Wakefield tells Yahoo, anyone who fit the MDD profile?including the recently bereaved?by definition wouldn't fall under the bereavement exclusion. The exclusion was only meant to give breathing room to mourners, people with "uncomplicated" grief?not for people with suicidal thoughts, psychotic ideation, a sense of worthlessness.
Wakefield also takes the opposite tack about dealing with people grieving after a traumatic experience. "If they have these uncomplicated symptoms, they too should be excluded," Wakefield says. "These other people are normal, they're probably going to have a transient thing, they should be excluded" from diagnosis.
Grieving period
The time?two weeks?has been a lightning rod. Zisook argues the very idea of a waiting period?be it a year or two weeks?led inexperienced clinicians or counselors to use the exclusion incorrectly.
"One of the understandings was, 'You're saying grief should only last two weeks.' That's utter nonsense," Zisook says. "Grief can be a very disruptive condition that lasts a lifetime and be perfectly normal, and shouldn't be labeled. By no means grief should only last two weeks or two months." The bereavement exclusion, he says, had unintended consequences.
Wakefield stands by research that sees intense grief resolve itself within six months. His three-year follow-up study found that people with normal grief symptoms had similar rates of depression or suicide attempts as the general population.
Among those who disagree with the APA's move is Allen Frances, the DSM-IV task force chair who has frequently gone on public record decrying the direction that the DSM-5 has gone. He singled out what he calls the "medicalization of grief" in a January article: "After 40 years and lots of clinical experience, I can't distinguish at two weeks between the symptoms of normal grief and the symptoms of mild depression-and I challenge anyone else to do so. This is an inherently unreliable distinction. And I know damn well that primary care doctors can't do it in a seven-minute visit."
Questioning psychiatric boundaries
In the end, Zisook points out, the DSM is not a treatment guide, but a manual to create a diagnostic system that makes sense. Underlying his motives, however, is removing the stigma that can hamper the willingness to make diagnoses. "If I can remove a major roadblock in diagnosing MMD, I'm satisfied," he says. "The bereavement exclusion may be a subtle roadblock."
What Wakefield worries about is the direction psychiatry is going. "It's not doing anyone any favors to massively pathologize the world at large," he says. "It's leading to a culture that narrows the world of human eccentricity and intensity of emotion." And just because the exclusion isn't on paper, he says the fight isn't over.
Source: http://news.yahoo.com/blogs/lookout/fight-over-grief-means-181209787.html
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